Jos Plateau
Jos Plateau bụ ala dị larịị nke dị nso n'etiti Naịjirịa. Ala dị larịị enyewo aha ya na Plateau Steeti ebe a na-ahụ ya ma na-akpọ ya aha isi obodo steeti ahụ, Jos. Ala dị larịị bụ ebe obibi nke ndị nwere ọdịbendị na asụsụ dị iche iche. Ala ahịhịa dị n'elu Ugwu ahụ, savanna, na oké ọhịa bụ ebe obibi nke osisi na anụmanụ dị iche na nke ala dị ala gbara ya gburugburu ma mepụta ọhịa savanna Jos Plateau mosaic ecoregion.
Na mbido narị afọ nke iri abụo, ndị Britain guzobere Jos dị ka obodo na-egwupụta tin. Ọtụtụ ndị si ndịda na ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Naijiria bịara Jos maka ọrụ na azụmahịa n'ihi ụlọ ọrụ tin dị na mbara ala ahụ.[1] N'ịbụ nke dị na North-Central Nigeria, mpaghara ahụ nwere ugwu ndị na-agbagharị n'elu ala dị larịị. N'ihi ọdịdị ala ya dịgasị iche iche na ebe mara mma, Jos Plateau bụ ebe ndị njem nleta na-ewu ewu.[2]
Ọdịdị ala
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ na-ekpuchi km2 puku asatọ na narị isii ma nwe m escarpments narị atọ rue narị isii gburugburu ọtụtụ n'ime ókèala ya. N'inwe nkezi ịdị elu nke 1,280 m, ọ bụ mpaghara kachasị ukwuu karịa 1,000 m na Naịjirịa, na ebe dị elu nke 1,829 m, na Shere Hills. Ọtụtụ osimiri nwere isi iyi ha na mbara ala ahụ. Osimiri Kaduna na-agbanye mmiri na ndagwurugwu ọdịda anyanwụ, na-asọba n'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ iji sonyere Niger. Osimiri Gongola na-asọba n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ iji sonyere Benue. Osimiri Hadejia na Yobe na-asọba n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ime Ọdọ Mmiri Chad.
Ọnọdụ ihu igwe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị n'elu ugwu ahụ bụ nke okpomọkụ mana ọ dị jụụ karịa ala dị ala gbara ya gburugburu. Nkezi okpomọkụ dị site na iri na ise mara ise °C ruo iri na asatọ mara ise°C n'ọnwa ndị kachasị jụụ ruo 27.5 °C na 30.5 °C N'oge ọnwa ndị kachasị ọkụ. Mmiri ozuzo na-adị site na 2,000 mm kwa afọ na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ ruo 1,500 mm ma ọ bụ obere na ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ kpọrọ nkụ. Mmiri ozuzo maka obodo Jos na-eme nkezi 1,411 mm kwa afọ. Mmiri ozuzo na-ada n'oge dị iche iche, na-adakarị n'etiti June na September na July na August ọnwa kachasị mmiri. Ifufe na-ebu mmiri na-esi n'ebe ndịda na ọdịda anyanwụ na-abịa, mmiri ozuzo na-adịkwa elu na ndagwurugwu ndịda na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ.
Flora na anụmanụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Osisi okike nke mpaghara ahụ nwere ike ịbụ mosaic nke savanna, ọhịa mepere emepe, na ọhịa. Ihe omume ụmụ mmadụ ebelatawo osisi dị n'elu ala ahụ, ebe ọtụtụ n'ime ala ahụ bụzi ala ahịhịa. Obere ebe ndị dị n'oké ọhịa na oké ọhịa ka dị n'ebe ndị dị elu na ndị a na-apụghị iru, gụnyere ugwu ndịda na ọdịda anyanwụ, n'akụkụ osimiri, na n'ala nke nkume. Ala dị larịị bụ ebe obibi nke naanị ọnụ ọgụgụ klipspringer (Oreotragus oreotragus) nke West Africa, yana ọtụtụ nnụnụ na anụ na-enye nwa ara, gụnyere oke na-acha uhie uhie nke Naijiria (Cryptomys foxi), rat na-acha ọkụ (Dasymys foxi) nke nkume (Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis), na Jos Plateau indigobird (Vidua maryae).
Ndị mmadụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Jos Plateau dị na Middle Belt nke Naijiria, ọbụnakwa na mpaghara a maara maka ọdịiche ọdịbendị, ọ dị iche iche. Barbour et al. (1982:49) na-egosi ihe karịrị ìgwè agbụrụ na asụsụ iri isii na mbara ala ahụ. [3] Ọtụtụ n'ime asụsụ ndị dị n'elu ugwu ahụ dị n'ezinụlọ Chadic, nke bụ akụkụ nke ezinụlọ Afro-Asiatic.[4] Abụọ n'ime agbụrụ ndị kasị ukwuu na Plateau bụ ndị Berom, n'ebe ugwu Plateau, na ndị Ngas na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ. Ìgwè ndị pere mpe gụnyere Mwaghavul, Pyem, Ron, Afizere, Anaguta, Aten, Irigwe, Chokfem, Kofyar, Kulere, Miship, Mupun na Montol.
Nde mmadụ atọ mara abụọ bi na steeti ahụ nwere ihe karịrị agbụrụ iri ise n'ime agbụrụ narị atọ na iri asaa na anọ nke Naịjirịa, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ obere ụdị Naịjiria n'ihe gbasara ụdị dị iche iche.[5] Na mgbakwunye, steeti ahụ bụ ebe obibi nke ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị Hausa-Fulani, Igbo, na ndị Yoruba kwagara (nke a makwaara dị ka ndị ọrụ ugbo ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-azụ atụrụ na-agagharị). [6]
Jos Plateau bụ ebe ọdịbendị Nke oge ochie, nke a maara maka ọrụ nka ya dị ịrịba ama. Mgbe ndị Britain weghaara Naijiria, Jos Plateau ghọrọ mpaghara na-egwupụta ihe na otu n'ime ebe ndị njem nleta kachasị mkpa na Naijiria. Na mbido narị afọ nke iri abụo na otu, esemokwu ọhụrụ n'etiti Ndị Kraịst na ndị Alakụba n'ihi esemokwu agbụrụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'etiti ndị bi na Jos Plateau.
Egwu na nchekwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ala dị larịị nke Jos bụ ebe ọtụtụ mmadụ bi na ya na-efu savanna na ọhịa ka a gbanwee ala ugbo na nchịkọta nkụ; anụmanụ ndị fọdụrụnụ na-ejedebe na obere ebe dị n'ebe ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ na osimiri. Enweghị usoro nchekwa ugbu a maka mpaghara ecoregion a. N'ihi ọrụ igwu ala ihe dị ka ọkara atọ km2 nke ala ugbo emebiwo.[7] Ọnọdụ ahụ emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma kemgbe ndị ọrụ ugbo nọ n'ógbè ahụ n'ihi ojiji nke usoro ọdịnala yana usoro mmeju nke oge a nke jikọtara ya na-agụnye nsị, ntụ ntụ na fatịlaịza na-enweghị ihe ọkụkụ.[7] Ihe dị ka otu puku, narị na iri iteghete na iteghete km2, ma ọ bụ pacenti iteghete, nke ecoregion dị n'ebe echedoro. Ebe ndị a na-echebe gụnyere Jarawa Hill, Jere, Rafin Bawa, Panshanu, Guram River, Assob Bachit, Kurra Jekko, na Abak River forest reserves.[8]
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Freund William (1986), “Theft and Social Protest among the Tin Miners of Northern Nigeria,” in Donald Crummey (ed.), Banditry, Rebellion and Social Protest in Africa, Oxford: James Curney, pp. 49-63
- ↑ Iro Aghedo, D. N. N. (2018).
- ↑ State. (c. 1992). Traditional dishes, snacks, drinks & herbs from Plateau State.. [Better Life Programme, Plateau State]. OCLC 29704741.
- ↑ Isichei, Elizabeth (1982).
- ↑ Madueke Kingsley (2018), “Routing Ethnic Violence in a Divided City: Walking in the Footsteps of Armed Mobs in Jos, Nigeria”, Journal of Modern African Studies, 56(3):443-470
- ↑ Adisa, R. S. and Adekunle, O. A. (2010).
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Pasquini (2005). "Soil fertility management strategies on the Jos Plateau: the need for integrating 'empirical' and 'scientific' knowledge in agricultural development". Geographical Journal 171 (2): 112–124. DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4959.2005.00154.x.
- ↑ UNEP-WCMC (2020).